80% of agricultural land in Russia is allocated for sowing winter wheat. This crop is grown not only to produce grain, but also as livestock feed. The Thunder variety is considered one of the most popular, as it is resistant to disease, drought and frost. This article will discuss the features of cultivation, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the crop.

Description of grade Thunder

Thunder wheat belongs to winter crops. It was obtained by crossing frost-resistant species. Belongs to the popular variety of Lutescens. In 2010, this culture was included in the State Register of the country. The patent on it is valid until 2039. This variety was named after a scientist working at the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, G. Romanenko.

Did you know? In the United States, wheat appeared only in the XII century and was brought from Europe.

Appearance

Wheat variety Thunder refers to annual herbaceous plants of the cereal family. Bushes are not high, semi-dwarf. Height - no more than 80 cm. The inner part of the stem is hollow, thickened towards the middle. The culture has a high resistance to lodging. Ears are not raining. The roots of plants are well developed. Leaves of elongated shape, saturated green hue. The culture is able to conduct self-pollination, so the yield does not depend on weather conditions and the actions of insects.The winter wheat variety Thunder has an average ripening period. The growing season is only 250 days. At this time, a large amount of green mass appears on the plants, which can be used to bait pets. Dates of autumn vegetation - 50 days. This type of wheat is suitable for cultivation even in the southern regions of the country, as it is resistant to drought. The ear is pyramidal, yellow, small in size. Its maximum height is 8 cm. It contains no more than 40 pcs. grains. But the weight is 1000 pcs. is 33–38 g.

Video: Thunder winter wheat

Characteristics

Grom wheat is grown in all regions of the country. But in each locality, the characteristics of productivity are different, as they depend on weather conditions and the quality of care (top dressing and watering).

Did you know? The root stem of wheat is surrounded by a large number of hairs, which number about 14 million. Their total length — about 590 km.

The average yield in the regions is as follows:

1. Northern Caucasus - 55 c / ha.
2. The lower tributary of the Volga is 25 c / ha.
3. Krasnodar Territory - 80–90 kg / ha.

Thunder winter wheat is highly resistant to diseases such as powdery mildew and brown spotting. Also, she does not get Septoria and yellow rust. Often, culture is affected by a hard head and stem rust.

Cultural properties

There are several properties of winter crops, which are divided into approbation, flour-grinding and baking. The first type of testing is carried out in order to determine varietal purity. Baking and milling properties allow to determine the quality of grain. The quality of bakery products depends on them.

Testing

The approbation properties of winter wheat of the Thunder variety include:

• plant form - erect;
• there is a small amount of wax on the ear;
• the ear is soft, pyramidal;
• slight pubescence;
• red color of grains;
• a strong waxy coating in the upper part of the internode;
• weight 1000 pcs. grains - about 40–45 g.

Flour mills

Excellent flour-grinding properties have grains of spherical shape. They are most often used to produce high-quality flour (premium). The high level of milling qualities is justified by the ease of processing. Grade Thunder refers to valuable wheat, as it meets all GOST standards.

Bakery

The more gluten and protein in the flour, the higher the baking qualities of wheat. This is due to the fact that this component improves the taste and density of bakery products. In the composition of the product obtained from the Thunder variety, the optimal amount of gluten is within 30%.

Important! Wheat can also be used to produce starch and alcohol.

With the help of such flour you can make delicious bread or sweet pastries. It is not recommended to use it for the production of flour products. To make tasty and high-quality pasta, you should use durum wheat flour. Then they will not boil.

Growing process

Grade Thunder is not a fastidious crop. Caring for it should be standard, so the agronomist will not have to spend a lot of time and effort on growing grain. It will be necessary to observe the optimal timing of sowing, as well as responsibly approach the choice of planting material. During planting, consider the rate of seeds per 1 m², so as not to make the site too thick, and each bush would receive the necessary amount of sunlight, water and fertilizing.

Sowing dates

The optimal sowing dates are from late August to mid-October. At this time, the air temperature should be from + 14 ° C to + 18 ° C. If you plant wheat too early, then the plants will be too weak. This will negatively affect their immunity. Late planting contributes to the delayed development of the root system, so the likelihood of death of most of the crop increases.

Detailed sowing dates depending on the region are as follows:

1. North - from August 1 to 15.
2. The Far East - from August 12 to 29.
3. Central District - from August 16 to September 5.
4. Lower Volga region - from September 2 to 21.
5. North Caucasus - from September 14 to October 15.

Sowing

Choose a seeding rate depending on the region. If you live where nutrient soil prevails, then about 2 kg of seeds must be spent on one hundred parts. In cool regions, where the soil is quite heavy, increase the amount of seed. About 2.3 kg of seeds are distributed on one acre. Sowing technology consists in the fact that you first need to prepare the site.

First of all, the Gumifild fertilizer complex (300 ml per 10 l of water) is added. The entire volume is distributed over 1 m². After this, it is necessary to make grooves with dimensions of 3 × 5 cm. The depth should be about 5 cm. Seeds are placed inside, after which the holes are covered with soil and watered with a sufficient amount of water. Often, agronomists plant wheat with an easier method. Seeds are scattered over the surface of the plot, and then they are covered with a rake.

Video: crops of winter wheat at different times

In this case, use 30% more seed, as some of them may remain at the top and not germinate. Wheat root system positively affects soil structure. By cultivating winter crops, you help the soil to relax, so the Thunder variety can be planted after plants that drain the soil. The best precursor is potatoes. This is due to the fact that it destroys more than 30% of the useful substances contained in the soil in one season. Excellent predecessors include corn and sunflowers.

Further wheat care

When a culture develops and grows, it needs a large number of mineral fertilizers, so their quantity per one hundredth should be as follows:

• nitrogen components - 500 g;
• phosphorus - 80 g;
• potassium - 100 g.

It should be borne in mind that substances are introduced according to a certain schedule. Nitrogen and phosphorus are distributed over the site in spring and autumn. Potassium is recommended for use during spring digging.For irrigation of the soil there will be enough natural rainfall. Additional watering can provoke rotting of the root system and the death of the crop. If rains rarely occur in your region, then you need to water Thunder wheat once a month, using drip irrigation. The soil should be moistened to a depth of at least 3 cm.

Disease prevention

Despite the high rates of resistance to disease, prevention will not be superfluous. You need to start it immediately after the first shoots have appeared. Some farmers may notice pests such as a winter scoop and a grass fly on the surface of the bushes. To prevent their occurrence, the site should be treated with the insecticides Fitoverm (50 g per 10 liters of water) or Agroverin (30 g per 7 liters of water). Spraying is carried out 5 times during the entire growing season.

Important! The winter scoop used to be called the locust. This pest is capable of destroying more than 10 bushes in one night, so you need to process the site on time.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

• The benefits of Thunder wheat include:
• Resistant to frost and drought.
• Quick acclimatization to hot weather.
• High yields.
• Resistant to most diseases and pests.
• Soft type of grain.
• Excellent milling qualities.
• The possibility of planting in all regions of the country.

The only drawback of the culture is the abundant build-up of green mass. She also attracts parasites. So, now you know how the winter wheat of the Thunder variety looks, and also what are the features of its cultivation. Try to adhere to all planting recommendations, in particular, planting dates and seed rates. Do not forget that a quality crop can be obtained only thanks to good and timely care, including not only fertilizing, but also protection from parasites and diseases.