Many flower growers, creating a flower garden on the windowsill, seek to pick up interesting, but unpretentious plants. These include sansevieria, popularly known as "mother tongue", "pike tail." The intricacies of growing one of the common types of this indoor culture - Hanni - will be discussed in this material.
Botanical Description
Sansevieria Hanni was taken out of 1941 from Sansevieria Laurenti. Breeder S. Khan set the task to get a short rosette look. As a result, a compact plant appeared, reaching a height of 30 cm, with leaves of dark green color, at which the ends are bent outward, and on the leaf plate there is a drawing. Dense leaves form a rosette resembling a vase in appearance. The main distinguishing characteristic of sansevieria is the absence of a stem.
Did you know? As a result of NASA studies, it was found that three-way sansevieria is able to absorb toxic to humans substancefor example, emitted from plastic windows, carbon dioxide, etc.
Subcort Hanni
10 years after the selection of Hanni, the same breeder created varieties of this indoor culture.
Golden (Golden)
Representatives of the Hanni Golden variety form the same rosette as the main species. Only the color of the leaves differs - along the upper sheet plate they pass stripes of golden color.
Kristata
This variety is practically no different from the mother plant. Its leaves have a pike color (ripples). They twist strongly towards the center.
Silver (silver)
In plants belonging to this variety, the color of the leaves is silver with light stripes located across the leaf plate. They have a dark green border.
What are the conditions for growing Hanni
Sansevieria is a very patient and persistent plant that can grow in almost any microclimate. It is not capricious, therefore, it will put up with any conditions that will be provided to it. However, if you want sansevieria to look strong, healthy and have a beautiful appearance, then she should create optimal conditions and at least carry out minimal care for this plant.
Lighting, temperature and humidity
Like almost all succulents, sansevieria loves an abundance of light, but it can also be tolerated with partial shade. The best place for its cultivation is considered to be western and eastern window sills. When growing from the south side, shading from direct sunlight is necessary. Of particular importance is the light intensity for variegated varieties. The optimum temperature regime for growing is + 20 ... + 25 ° С. The plant is able to withstand a drop in temperature to + 10 ° C.
Important! Shop soil does not require processing. The substrate, prepared by hand, must be etched by pouring boiling water, a solution of potassium permanganate, calcined in the oven or microwave, holding it over steam or boiling.
During dormancy, you can grow a flower at + 15 ° C, but it is not necessary to specially lower the temperature for it. A flower is indifferent to a certain level of humidity. It is desirable that it be above the average. But, perhaps, this is almost the only indoor plant that can survive without spraying, even when grown near a battery. In summer, the flower feels great in the fresh air - on the balcony, terrace, etc.
What should be the soil and capacity for planting
The described indoor culture grows in any soil and can be grown even hydroponically. But it is best to plant it in a ready-made soil designed for succulents. The main requirements for the substrate are lightness, friability, good moisture and air permeability.
Also, the soil can be composed independently of the following ingredients:
- turf land - 4 parts;
- sheet land - 2 parts;
- humus - 1 part;
- river sand - 1 part.
Since sansevieria has a creeping rhizome, it needs a wide and shallow pot - it can be made of plastic, ceramic, clay.
Home Care
Sansevieria care includes standard measures that you need to carry out regularly: watering, fertilizing, pruning, transplanting.
Important! When watering, it is necessary to ensure that water does not get into the outlet - this threatens the development of a fungal infection.
How often to water
Sansevieria loves moisture, but negatively refers to its stagnation. Accordingly, you should choose a middle ground and organize the irrigation regime in such a way that the land is constantly slightly moist, but no bays will occur. How often to water will depend on what temperature, humidity and lighting a flower grows in, in which soil and pot.Watering should be carried out with soft tap water at room temperature, settled for 1-2 days or passed through a filter that cleans of harmful impurities. Spraying this indoor culture is not necessary. It is advisable only to periodically wipe its leaves with a damp cloth.
Top dressing
Dressing the flower should be carried out only from March to September. Starting in October, the application of any fertilizer will only bring harm to the plant: it will not be able to enter the dormant period and gain strength for the growing season in the next season.
Sansevieria needs to be fertilized with products designed specifically for cacti and succulents. However, it is necessary to take a solution in a lower concentration - the doses recommended in the instructions for fertilizing should be divided by 2. For variegated varieties, the dosage should be reduced by 3 times - they should not be given a lot of nitrogen, as this will lead to blurring of the picture and fading of color.
Pruning
Forming pruning is not necessary for the plant. Sanitary involves the removal of old lower leaves, damaged, diseased specimens.
Transfer
The transplant is produced in the spring. This procedure is carried out as follows:
- A day before the planned transplant, water the soil.
- On the day of transplant, carefully pull out the earthen lump.
- Wash the new container well and pour over boiling water.
- Lay the drainage layer on the bottom.
- Sprinkle with a layer of soil substrate.
- Set a flower with an earthen lump in the center of the pot.
- Fill the voids with soil, leaving 1.5–2 cm from the top.
- Moisturize well.
- If necessary, add earth after precipitation.
Did you know? Ropes and mats are made from the leaves of sansevieria, in India they treat a number of ailments with the help of them, in Ceylon they make hedges that enclose residential yards.
Young plants up to 2-3 years of age are preferably transplanted once a year. More mature - 1 time in 2-3 years, as the rosette grows, and the plant becomes crowded in a pot. The new tank should be 1.5–2 cm larger than the old.
Video: Sansevieria Hanni transplant
Breeding
You can rejuvenate the plant by propagation by dividing the bush, side shoots and rooted leafy cuttings. From the rhizome, located close to the surface of the earth, lateral shoots appear in the form of hard leaves with roots. They need to be taken out of their land and immediately placed in a separate pot. The method of division of the rhizome is used for transplantation. The plant is pulled out of the pot, an earthen lump is shaken from it. Then the roots are divided into halves and cut with a sharp disinfected knife so that each of them has one growth point.
The resulting parts are seated in separate containers. For propagation by leafy cuttings, the largest and healthiest leaf is selected. It needs to be cut into 5-6 parts and dried, then deepened in moistened sand at an angle of 45 ° and covered with a plastic bottle, creating a mini-greenhouse. Sand needs to be watered periodically, but not from above, but into the pan. After 1-1.5 months after the appearance of the roots, young plants can be planted in pots.
Video: reproduction of sansevieria
The main problems when growing Hanni at home
Sansevieria rarely gets sick, most often becoming infected from neighboring plants or in the complete absence of care.
Important! If after removing the outlet from the ground it turns out that most of the root system is damaged by rot, then saving it is inexpedient - you can cut strong leaves and grow young plants from them. The mother flower should be disposed of with the earth and the pot.
Of the diseases, the flower can affect the following:
- Anthracnose. It is manifested by the appearance of yellowish, red-brown, brown spots, deformation of leaves, deterioration of decorativeness. A disease develops if air is poorly circulated in the room where the plant is grown, increased humidity is observed, when planted in unpainted soil, when infected with harmful insects. At the first detection of a fungal infection, the syllivia should be kept away from other plants to avoid infection. Affected leaflets must be removed. The plant must be treated with such means - “Oksikhom”, “Skor”, “Fundazol”, “Ridomil gold”, “Fitosporin”.
- Root rot. This disease develops with excessive watering. You can detect it during the transplant, and suspect it in case of softening and lethargy of the leaves. If the disease is detected in the early stages, then the plant can be saved - it urgently needs to be transplanted into a new container and soil. After extracting the flower from the ground, it is important to inspect the root system well and remove the roots damaged by the disease. Slices should be dusted with activated or charcoal. Healthy roots should be treated with any systemic fungicide for the purpose of prevention. After transplanting, it is important to establish the correct regime and intensity of irrigation - they should be plentiful, but without bays.
Of the pests for sansevieria, the most dangerous are:
- Aphid. Signs of appearance are yellowing and falling of foliage. You can help the plant by wiping it with a soapy solution. If such manipulations do not help, it is worthwhile to perform chemical treatments. They fight aphids with the help of Fitoverm, Actellika, Intavira, or other insecticides.
- Spider mite. Signs - blanching of foliage, the presence of cobwebs. To combat the spider mite, Actellik, Fitoverm, Sunmayt, Aktovit, Fufanon are used.
- Mealybug. Signs - deformed, twisted, leaves fell off, there are white discharge in the form of cotton wool. The fight against this insect is carried out by wiping the organs of the bush with soapy water, infusions of garlic or tobacco. In the event of a massive lesion, they resort to chemical means - these are Aktara, Biotlin, Calypso, Confidor, Fitoverm.
- Thrips. Signs - the leaves have acquired a gray-brown hue. Disposal of insects requires treatment with systemic insecticides. The above drugs will do.
In addition to diseases and pests, when growing sansevieria, other problems may arise:
- Light spots on the sheets. Appear in too hot conditions and with prolonged exposure to sunlight. It is necessary to rearrange the pot in a cooler shaded place.
- Softening foliage. Speaks of excessive watering. It is necessary to transplant the plant into new soil and establish a moisturizing regime.
- Stunting. Occurs when grown in too cold conditions. It is necessary to rearrange the pot in a warm room.
Important! Chemical treatment should be carried out in a well-ventilated area, protecting the respiratory tract with a mask, eyes with glasses and hands with gloves.
So, Sansevieria Hanni is an ideal indoor plant for busy people, since caring for it will not take much time and effort. In addition, it is very persistent and is able to maintain decorativeness in any microclimate.