Houses on the windowsill Obkonika primrose grown without any problems. She is a very beautiful and delicate plant. An attractive legend is also attached to the attractive appearance. It tells us that the apostle Peter once dropped the keys to Paradise. Of these, flowers appeared on the soil, which were called primulas. Therefore, when you look at these plants, you involuntarily feel that you are on a piece of heavenly earth. And for primrose to develop successfully, it needs to create special conditions.
How to care for a flower at home
Proper home care for the plant is very important. Although the flower is not whimsical and can grow successfully with minimal intervention from the grower, it must be timely watered, fed and the temperature regime in the room must be observed. Flowerpots are recommended to be placed in places where there is always good lighting. Watering should be done carefully without introducing too much water. Otherwise, the flower may appear rot.
The soil
For primrose to bloom well, she will need to create a special earthen substrate. It is prepared from peat, leaf and turf land and sand, taken in equal quantities. A drainage layer should be created at the bottom of the container. From time to time it is necessary to carry out the feeding procedure, the subtleties of which will be described below.
Important! If the flowers fade too quickly, which means that the room temperature is not maintained. The amount of heat should be reduced.
Location
The plant feels great with enough light. Therefore, it is not recommended to keep it away from windows. An ideal place would be a windowsill. In this case, direct sunlight should be regulated. Their exposure should last no more than 3-5 hours a day.
Temperature mode
The conical (alternative name for primrose) flower should grow at an air temperature that does not exceed + 20 ° C. During the formation of buds and their blooming, it should be lowered to + 15 ° C. Experienced flower growers claim that it is such an indicator that is ideal for the formation of large inflorescences. In addition, there is a high probability that the plant will bloom longer.
At home, portable climate control, which is installed on any flat surface, will help to achieve this climate change. In summer, it is allowed to bury the plant in the garden with a flowerpot. To do this, choose a shaded area of the flowerbed. It is believed that it is rainwater that will benefit primrose. During this period, the bushes will gain splendor and the root system will increase.
The main condition that should be observed in the fall is the timely return of the flower to the room. This must be done until the moment when the ambient temperature drops below + 5 ° C. Otherwise, the plant may die. In order for the primrose to tolerate winter well, it needs enough temperature in the range from + 12 ° С to + 15 ° С.
Watering
A feature of primrose is resistance to a short absence of moisture. Therefore, the plant should be watered only as the soil dries. It is especially important to prevent oversaturation with water. Even if you skip one watering, the flower will quickly restore its decorative properties. It is important that such a lack of moisture does not become systematic. The introduction of fluid is allowed exclusively under the root of the plant. Watering leaves is not recommended.
Important! If there is an excess of water, then it must be drained after 10 minutes. Stagnation of moisture is not permissible.
Air humidity
According to gardeners, the level of humidity in the surrounding area practically does not affect the condition of the plant. Nevertheless, if the indicator drops too low, the leaves will turn yellow at the primrose and it can completely dry out. To prevent this from happening, just put a container with a small amount of water near the flowerpot. Some gardeners still allow a short spraying of leaves from the spray bottle with water.
Top dressing
Primrose is a flower that does not like an overabundance of organic or mineral fertilizers. He begins to languish before our eyes. The first sign of this situation is the yellowing of the edges of the foliage. Therefore, experts recommend purchasing exclusively suitable fertilizer in gardening stores.
It can be, for example, "Agricola". It must be used according to the instructions indicated on the package. More experienced growers report that they began to accustom primrose to fertilizers with half the dose indicated in the rules of use. The mineral composition is more often used, but cases of successful introduction of a solution from mullein or bird droppings are known.
Transplanting into a suitable pot
Plant transplantation from one pot to another is carried out at least 1 time per year. To do this, choose any day of spring or autumn. Initially, you should choose a suitable flowerpot. It should be much larger than the previous one, so that the roots of the plant can develop freely. The main condition for the right choice is the presence of a drainage hole. Or create it yourself.
The second step is the selection of a suitable soil mixture. The easiest option will be to purchase it in a specialized store. It can be a mixture of peat and leaf land with a slight addition of sand. If you mix the planting substrate yourself, it is important to choose the right portions. Usually one piece of sand and two peat and land are taken. Before removing the primrose from the previous pot, the earth is abundantly poured with water.
After it is well moistened, you should make a digging with a spatula. This procedure is done very carefully so as not to damage the root of the flower. Then, taking the plant under the basal neck in the recess, take it out. The best option is to wash the roots under running water. The root system freed from the earth is placed on the bottom of a new flowerpot. In some cases, for the home primrose it is necessary to create a drainage layer.
For this, fine crushed stone, which can be found in the district, or expanded clay, previously purchased in a store, is suitable. The root of the plant is set in the center of this artificial pillow. A prepared substrate or purchased in a store should cover the root of the neck so that it peeks out of the ground for a couple of centimeters. The earth must be carefully compacted. After the transplant, the plant is watered and, if necessary, fed.
Breeding
Any primrose bush can be propagated in several ways, namely:
- by collecting and planting seeds;
- dividing the mother bush into two or more parts;
- the creation of cuttings.
Any of these options are suitable for home use. In the process, it is allowed to use a pruner, garden shears, a scoop (preferably plastic). All operations must be carried out with gloves, because the plant juice is dangerous for humans and animals due to its toxicity.
Bush division
The main condition for the successful growth of primrose on the windowsill is the absence of other shoots in one pot. A plant grown should have only one leaf rosette. If another appears, it is immediately deleted. Otherwise, the bush will begin to bloom worse. However, flower growers do not recommend rushing with the removal of the outlet.
It can be used in primrose propagation by dividing the bush. It is carefully separated from the mother's root and planted in a separate pot. The cut-off point is necessarily treated with Fundazol powder or ground charcoal. The first flowers should appear in a new bush after 7 weeks.
Seeds
Primrose seed can be obtained in two of the simplest ways. This is either an acquisition in the store, or an independent collection from an already planted plant. It is worth knowing that the flower is easily pollinated. It can bring a fairly large number of seeds. It must be remembered that some artificially bred varieties may not have maternal traits. Therefore, they sometimes do not emerge. The primrose, which develops in the room, in the form of seeds can be planted at any suitable time.
Did you know? In the ancient world, unique properties were attributed to a flower. He was considered a single cure for all ailments.
However, the resulting planting material deteriorates very quickly, so it is not recommended to delay this process. If the seeds are older than 1 year, then it is better to get others. For the planting procedure, you will need to find a plastic tray with a lid. Special drainage holes are created at the bottom. In some cases, they should be done in the lid.
The container is filled with a special substrate, which can be prepared from:
- 2 servings of soil suitable for growing geraniums;
- 1 serving of vermiculite;
- 1 serving of perlite.
Immediately after placing it inside the tray, it is recommended to pour a small amount of Fitosporin. In this form, the earth must stand for at least 24 hours.
The simplest and most convenient seeding options are:
- Mix of sand and seed. This mixture is poured onto any piece of paper, which is then folded in half. Gently shaking over the tray with soil, planting material should sprinkle from the bend. It is forbidden to water or sprinkle the surface with earth.
- Put a thin layer of snow in a pot on the soil and pour seeds on it. When it melts, the material will be in moistened soil.
After that, the tray is covered with a lid and sent to a dark place: in the refrigerator or in a snowdrift. In the latter case, the amount of snow above the cover should be at least 10 cm. This process is called stratification. When the tray is placed in the refrigerator, it is removed at intervals of 3-4 days. The accumulated condensate is removed from the lid with a rag. Visually check the germination of seeds. If they hatch, then the container is transferred to a more illuminated place.
However, it should not have direct sunlight or drafts. The optimum temperature regime varies from + 16 ° С to + 20 ° С. Watering is allowed from the bottom of the tray. If seedlings do not appear, then the container is removed from the refrigerator or dug out of the snowdrift after 3 weeks. The accumulated condensate is removed from the lid, then tightly closed. In this form, the container is exposed in a shaded place.
It is allowed to open the lid for a few minutes a day. According to experienced gardeners, primrose should sprout after 2 weeks of performing these procedures. Transplanting into a separate pot is permitted only when at least 2 new leaves appear at the bush. After a month, the plant again needs to be transplanted into a larger pot. They can be transferred to a permanent habitat after another 30 days.
Video: planting seeds of primrose obkonik
Cuttings
This method is used when it is not possible to divide the mother bush. In the lower part of the bush, a leaf is cut off along with a kidney on the base. Half of its plate is also cut off. The handle is placed in a plastic cup. A drainage hole must be made in its bottom. Peat is used as a substrate, which is pre-moistened. It is filled up so that the buds on the base of the leaves remain above the surface of the soil. Above the stalk is wrapped in polyethylene.
Every day you have to open the primrose. Condensation accumulated there is removed from the surface of the film. The irrigation procedure, as in the previous case, is carried out from below. The first noticeable roots should appear only after 4 months. In some cases, if environmental conditions have been created suitable for the development of primrose, cultivation will take less time.
Diseases and Pests
Primrose is often infected with diseases. But their appearance directly depends on the care procedure. If you perform any action incorrectly, the flower express its dissatisfaction in the form of various changes.
Among the most common ailments are:
At the same time, they actively damage the home flower and various insects, namely:
Most pests appear on the plant in hot weather. This primarily relates to spider mites and aphids. To kill them, use any suitable and commercially available insecticide. The most dangerous disease is a fungal infection called spotted wilting. Most often manifested in the spring. It is characterized by white spots on the foliage. If the primrose does not provide timely assistance, then it may die.
In some cases, this ailment affects nearby plants. To get rid of this disease, it is recommended to initially remove the affected leaves and use a drug called Fundazol or Topsin. If the infection stage is too late, then the flower will have to be thrown out completely. Other diseases, such as gray rot, can be cured in a similar way. The cause of its appearance is excessive watering.
Poisonous properties in primrose
It is worth remembering that primrose is a poisonous plant. Almost its entire surface is covered with specific villi. They accumulate a special secret of an oily consistency. It can cause allergic reactions of varying degrees when in contact with the skin, from ordinary itching to redness and even burns.
If part of the plant is swallowed, an upset gastrointestinal tract, diarrhea, and vomiting may follow. Especially dangerous is the consumption of plants for food by animals. If timely assistance is not provided, pets may die. In addition, flowers, along with the aroma, release narcotic substances. Therefore, in a residential building they can be placed only in strictly limited quantities.
Did you know? In Germany there is a belief. If the girl is the first to find a primrose flower during the Easter holidays, then she will have to get married this year.
Primrose has an attractive appearance. More and more people are eager to plant this flower at home. And so that he pleases the eye with a beautiful view, it is recommended to observe a number of rules when reproducing it and in leaving.
